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Crop seed prices have risen faster than commodity prices, especially for genetically modified (GM) seed

Line chart showing seed price index for genetically modified (GM) crops, USDA seed price index, seed price index for non-GM crops, and USDA crop price index between 1990 and 2020.

The U.S. crop seed industry has become more concentrated, with fewer and larger firms dominating seed supply. Seed prices have risen substantially, especially for genetically modified varieties, reflecting the value of improved seed varieties and gains in market power for top seed companies.

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