U.S. food price growth averaged 2.6 percent per year over the past 2 years, 2023 to 2024 and 2024 to 2025

In 2024 and 2025, the all-food Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose by an average of 2.6 percent per year, a smaller rate of increase than the all-items CPI, which grew 2.8 percent per year over the same 2-year period. Prices for housing (up 4.1 percent per year) and medical care (up 2.9 percent per year) increased at faster rates than prices for food. Prices for transportation (up 1.0 percent per year) increased at slower rates than prices for food over the 2-year period. Factors that impact U.S. agriculture, such as weather events and incidence of plant and animal disease, can affect food prices. Other factors that broadly contribute to inflation across the economy, such as energy prices and wages, can also impact food prices, as these factors can influence marketers’ costs for processing, transporting, and retailing food products.