Return to Food Demand Analysis
| Table 1-Price elasticity
estimates |
|
Food quantity of
|
Own price
|
Selected price increase by
1-percent of
|
Income
|
|
Beef
|
Pork
|
Chicken
|
Cheese |
Milk
|
Oranges
|
Tomatoes
|
| |
Percent
|
| Beef |
-0.621
|
-0.621
|
0.114
|
0.018
|
-0.026
|
-0.011
|
0.000
|
-0.012
|
0.392
|
| Pork |
-0.728
|
0.192
|
-0.728
|
0.013
|
-0.006
|
0.002
|
-0.021
|
-0.005
|
0.659
|
| Other meats |
-1.874
|
0.818
|
0.355
|
0.280
|
0.358
|
-0.071
|
0.200
|
0.068
|
-0.574
|
| Chicken |
-0.372
|
0.103
|
0.047
|
-0.372
|
-0.039
|
-0.058
|
0.001
|
0.097
|
0.077
|
| Turkey |
-0.535
|
0.089
|
0.141
|
-0.077
|
0.222
|
0.432
|
-0.056
|
-0.099
|
-0.127
|
| Fresh and frozen fish |
0.121
|
-0.113
|
0.256
|
-0.049
|
0.011
|
-0.431
|
-0.013
|
-0.141
|
0.429
|
| Canned and cured fish |
-0.372
|
0.009
|
0.104
|
0.059
|
0.129
|
0.198
|
-0.110
|
0.060
|
0.394
|
| Eggs |
-0.110
|
0.092
|
0.012
|
0.059
|
0.009
|
0.042
|
0.004
|
0.004
|
0.287
|
| Cheese |
-0.247
|
-0.227
|
-0.026
|
-0.069
|
-0.247
|
0.032
|
-0.056
|
-0.070
|
0.418
|
| Fluid milk |
-0.043
|
-0.013
|
0.012
|
-0.022
|
0.008
|
-0.043
|
-0.018
|
0.032
|
0.119
|
| Evaporated and dry milk |
-0.276
|
-0.074
|
-0.072
|
0.178
|
-0.163
|
-0.255
|
-0.055
|
0.067
|
0.515
|
| Wheat flour |
-0.078
|
-0.132
|
0.006
|
0.014
|
-0.050
|
0.023
|
0.018
|
0.013
|
0.131
|
| Rice |
0.066
|
0.674
|
0.184
|
-0.167
|
0.187
|
-0.193
|
-0.016
|
-0.020
|
0.148
|
| Potatoes |
-0.098
|
0.072
|
-0.067
|
0.053
|
-0.005
|
0.018
|
-0.078
|
-0.052
|
0.110
|
| Butter |
-0.243
|
0.100
|
0.028
|
0.254
|
-0.388
|
0.176
|
-0.028
|
-0.121
|
0.539
|
| Margarine |
-0.009
|
-0.202
|
-0.021
|
-0.005
|
0.073
|
0.433
|
0.119
|
0.137
|
-0.336
|
| Other fats and oils |
-0139
|
0.093
|
0.121
|
0.011
|
-0.060
|
0.017
|
-0.048
|
-0.078
|
0.494
|
| Apples |
-0.190
|
0.014
|
-0.021
|
-0.037
|
-0.016
|
-0.129
|
0.123
|
-0.107
|
-0.362
|
| Oranges |
-0.849
|
0.025
|
-0.225
|
0.004
|
-0.124
|
-0.182
|
-0.849
|
-0.038
|
-0.165
|
| Bananas |
-0.499
|
-0.070
|
0.007
|
-0.122
|
0.050
|
-0.324
|
-0.085
|
0.111
|
0.094
|
| Grapes |
-1.180
|
0.060
|
0.449
|
-0.109
|
-0.475
|
-0.059
|
-0.008
|
0.256
|
0.561
|
| Grapefruits |
-0.455
|
-0.584
|
-0.395
|
0.132
|
-0.012
|
0.553
|
-0.275
|
-0.262
|
-0.490
|
| Other fresh fruits |
-0.416
|
0.562
|
0.346
|
0.020
|
0.337
|
0.360
|
0.295
|
0.260
|
0.123
|
| Lettuce |
-0.090
|
0.038
|
-0.091
|
0.114
|
0.013
|
0.153
|
0.133
|
-0.058
|
0.372
|
| Tomatoes |
-0.622
|
-0.233
|
-0.051
|
0.330
|
-0.142
|
0.278
|
-0.035
|
-0.622
|
0.918
|
| Celery |
-0.078
|
-0.210
|
-0.253
|
0.091
|
-0.020
|
0.685
|
0.072
|
-0.146
|
0.725
|
| Onions |
-0.207
|
0.182
|
0.157
|
-0.096
|
-0.011
|
-0.074
|
-0.021
|
0.141
|
0.078
|
| Carrots |
-0.534
|
0.484
|
0.043
|
0.258
|
-0.178
|
0.225
|
0.097
|
0.329
|
0.675
|
| Other fresh vegetables |
-0.215
|
-0.557
|
0.090
|
-0.258
|
0.126
|
0.045
|
0.218
|
0.023
|
1.292
|
| Fruit juices |
-0.558
|
-0.212
|
-0.219
|
0.148
|
-0.100
|
0.062
|
-0.200
|
-0.003
|
0.366
|
| Canned tomatoes |
-0.169
|
-0.292
|
-0.219
|
0.263
|
0.082
|
0.257
|
-0.070
|
-0.200
|
0.868
|
| Canned peas |
-0.534
|
-0.529
|
0.019
|
0.144
|
0.283
|
1.104
|
-0.047
|
-0.209
|
0.628
|
| Canned fruit cocktails |
-0.740
|
0.361
|
0.397
|
0.084
|
-0.278
|
-0.212
|
0.205
|
-0.111
|
0.717
|
| Peanuts and tree nuts |
-0.169
|
-0.209
|
0.142
|
0.025
|
0.025
|
-0.183
|
0.105
|
0.057
|
0.099
|
| Other processed fruits and vegetables |
-0.151
|
-0.145
|
-0.045
|
0.049
|
0.022
|
-0.110
|
-0.003
|
0.004
|
0.022
|
| Sugar |
-0.037
|
0.108
|
-0.007
|
-0.004
|
0.014
|
0.010
|
-0.008
|
-0.006
|
0.006
|
| Sweetners |
-0.052
|
-0.044
|
0.067
|
-0.048
|
-0.118
|
-0.084
|
0.040
|
0.021
|
0.419
|
| Coffee and tea |
-0.176
|
0.033
|
-0.012
|
0.011
|
0.040
|
0.010
|
-0.023
|
-0.011
|
0.818
|
| Frozen dairy products |
-0.078
|
-0.002
|
0.106
|
0.117
|
-0.044
|
-0.143
|
-0.007
|
0.002
|
0.253
|
| Nonfood |
-0.980
|
-0.023
|
-0.016
|
-0.010
|
-0.002
|
-0.019
|
-0.001
|
-0.002
|
1.166
|
Note: Each estimate of price elasticity shows the percentage
change of a food quantity in response to a 1-percent increase in a
food price or per capita income.
Source: USDA, ERS.
|
|