Data Sets

State Fact Sheets: Michigan

• Population, Income, Food Insecurity, Education, and Employment
• Federal Funds
• Organic Agriculture
• Farm Characteristics
• Farm Financial Indicators
• Top Commodities, Exports, and Counties
• About the State Fact Sheets

Data updated January 17, 2012

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Population, Income, Food Insecurity, Education, and Employment

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Population
Year
1980	1,606,318	7,655,726	9,262,044
1990	1,660,530	7,634,767	9,295,297
2000	1,839,156	8,099,288	9,938,444
2010	1,850,574	8,033,066	9,883,640
More information on Michigan population • County-level Population Data • Rural Population and Migration Briefing Room • Contact John Cromartie, 202-694-5421.

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Income
Per-capita income (2009 dollars)
2008	29,597	36,424	35,164
2009	29,588	35,381	34,315
Percent change	-0.0	-2.9	-2.4

Earnings per job (2009 dollars)
2008	35,528	50,273	47,819
2009	35,058	49,397	46,977
Percent change	-1.3	-1.7	-1.8

Poverty rate (percent)
1979	11.6	10.2	10.4
1989	14.2	12.9	13.1
1999	10.5	10.5	10.5
2010 (latest model-based estimates)	17.0	16.7	16.7
More information on Michigan poverty rates • County-level Poverty Data • Rural Income, Poverty, and Welfare Briefing Room • See important notes about decennial and model-based intercensal poverty estimates • Contact Tracey Farrigan, 202-694-5489

	2002-04 Avg.	2005-07 Avg.	2008-10 Avg.
Household-level Food Insecurity and Very Low Food Security
Percent of households
Food insecure	11.3	11.8	14.7
Very low food security	3.8	4.5	5.7
More information on Food Insecurity • Food Security in the United States Briefing Room • Definitions of Food Insecurity and Very Low Food Security • Comparisons of prevalence rates of food insecurity between States must take account of the margins of error, which are sizeable for many States. Margins of error are published along with State prevalence rates in each year’s Household Food Security in the United States report. • Contact Alisha Coleman-Jensen, 202-694-5456.

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Education (Persons 25 and older)
Percent not completing high school
1980 (Census)	33.6	31.7	32.0
1990 (Census)	24.7	22.9	23.2
2000 (Census)	17.1	16.5	16.6
2006-2010 (ACS)	12.3	11.9	12.0

Percent completing high school only
1980 (Census)	41.0	37.3	38.0
1990 (Census)	38.8	30.9	32.3
2000 (Census)	38.2	29.7	31.3
2006-2010 (ACS)	38.1	29.9	31.5

Percent completing some college
1980 (Census)	13.6	16.1	15.7
1990 (Census)	23.6	27.9	27.1
2000 (Census)	28.8	30.7	30.3
2006-2010 (ACS)	31.1	31.7	31.6

Percent completing college
1980 (Census)	11.4	14.9	14.3
1990 (Census)	12.9	18.3	17.4
2000 (Census)	15.8	23.1	21.8
2006-2010 (ACS)	18.5	26.6	25.0
More information on Michigan education • County-level Education Data • Rural Labor and Education Briefing Room • Contact Alexander Marré, 202-694-5338

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Employment
Total number of jobs
2008	890,475	4,458,436	5,348,911
2009	854,579	4,209,824	5,064,403

Percent employment change
2007-2008	-2.9	-2.7	-2.7
2008-2009	-7.5	-7.6	-7.5
2009-2010	-0.5	-0.4	-0.4

Unemployment rate (percent)
2009	13.4	13.3	13.3
2010	12.9	12.4	12.5
More information on Michigan unemployment rates • County-level Unemployment and Median Household Income Data • Rural Labor and Education Briefing Room • Contact Lorin Kusmin, 202-694-5429

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Federal Funds, FY 2010
Federal funding, dollars per person
All Federal funds	8,741	9,563	9,409

Federal funding by purpose (function codes)
Agriculture and natural resources	122	44	58
Community resources	718	922	884
Defense and space	248	631	559
Human resources	181	164	167
Income security	6,631	6,340	6,395
National functions	842	1,462	1,345

Federal funding by type of payments (object codes)
Grants	1,321	1,629	1,572
Direct loans	353	448	430
Guaranteed/insured loans	593	833	788
Retirement/disability payments	3,746	3,169	3,277
Other direct payments to individuals	1,933	2,194	2,145
Direct payments, not to individuals	116	43	56
Procurement contracts	296	737	655
Salaries and wages	383	509	486
Total does not include Statewide funds undistributed at the county level. More information on Federal Funds • Program Function and Object Code Definitions • Federal Funds and Development Policy Briefing Room • Federal Funds Data • Contact Richard Reeder, 202-694-5360

* The terms “rural” and “urban” here refer to data for nonmetro and metro areas, a county-level classification defined by the Office of Management and Budget. We use the June 2003 version of nonmetro and metro areas because it reflects conditions at the beginning of the decade. See Measuring Rurality: What is Rural? for a discussion of differences between metro-nonmetro categories and the Census Bureau’s rural-urban classification.

More information on socioeconomic conditions • Rural Emphasis Page • Contact Tim Parker, 202-694-5435.

Organic Agriculture

	2006	2007	2008

Number of certified operations	171	232	256
Crops (acres)	39,326	63,687	53,938
Pasture & rangeland (acres)	1,295	2,762	4,140
Total acres	40,621	66,448	58,077
More information on organic agriculture • Organic Production Data • Organic Agriculture Briefing Room • Contact Catherine Greene, 202-694-5541.

Farm Characteristics

	1997	2002	2007
1997, 2002 and 2007 Census of Agriculture

Approximate total land area (acres)	36,357,886	36,354,446	36,176,779
Total farmland (acres)	10,443,935	10,142,958	10,031,807
Percent of total land area	28.7	27.9	27.7

Cropland (acres)	8,273,748	7,983,574	7,803,643
Percent of total farmland	79.2	78.7	77.8
Percent in pasture	6.4	5.1	4.0
Percent irrigated	4.9	5.7	6.4

Harvested Cropland (acres)	6,989,300	6,827,903	6,859,081

Woodland (acres)	1,243,970	1,224,237	1,196,212
Percent of total farmland	11.9	12.1	11.9
Percent in pasture	13.1	13.2	10.5

Pastureland (acres)	213,359	254,062	376,625
Percent of total farmland	2.0	2.5	3.8

Land in house lots, ponds, roads, wasteland, etc. (acres)	712,858	681,085	655,327
Percent of total farmland	6.8	6.7	6.5

Conservation practices
Farmland in conservation or wetlands reserve programs (acres)	322,667	296,666	302,144

Average farm size (acres)	195	190	179

Farms by size (percent)
1 to 99 acres	55.5	61.5	65.4
100 to 499 acres	35.2	29.5	26.5
500 to 999 acres	6.1	5.4	4.7
1000 to 1,999 acres	2.5	2.8	2.5
2,000 or more acres	0.7	0.9	1.0

Farms by sales (percent)
Less than $9,999	54.7	62.2	61.9
$10,000 to $49,999	24.1	19.6	17.9
$50,000 to $99,999	7.2	6.1	6.0
$100,000 to $499,999	11.5	9.4	9.9
More than $500,000	2.5	2.7	4.3

Tenure of farmers
Full owner (farms)	33,464	37,089	39,311
Percent of total	62.5	69.6	70.2

Part owner (farms)	17,003	14,199	14,703
Percent of total	31.8	26.6	26.2

Tenant owner (farms)	3,052	2,027	2,000
Percent of total	5.7	3.8	3.6

Farm organization
Individuals/family, sole proprietorship (farms)	47,103	48,070	48,687
Percent of total	88.0	90.2	86.9

Family-held corporations (farms)	1,838	1,683	2,245
Percent of total	3.4	3.2	4.0

Partnerships (farms)	4,121	3,172	4,260
Percent of total	7.7	5.9	7.6

Non-family corporations (farms)	197	134	249
Percent of total	0.4	0.3	0.4

Others - cooperative, estate or trust, institutional, etc. (farms)	260	256	573
Percent of total	0.5	0.5	1.0

Characteristics of principal farm operators
Average operator age (years)	52.8	54.2	56.3
Percent with farming as their primary occupation	45.1	54.5	44.3
Men	48,580	47,411	47,739
Women	4,939	5,904	8,275

More information on farm characteristics • Census of Agriculture • Contact NASS Customer Service, 1-800-727-9540.

Farm Financial Indicators

	2009	2010
Farm income and value added data

Number of farms	54,800	54,900

	Thousands $
Final crop output	3,802,592	4,005,607
+ Final animal output	1,955,085	2,458,554
+ Services and forestry	910,882	799,911
= Final agricultural sector output	6,668,559	7,264,072

- Intermediate consumption outlays	3,531,159	3,583,694
+ Net government transactions	-92,240	-84,622
= Gross value added	3,045,160	3,595,756

- Capital consumption	872,955	891,302

= Net value added	2,172,205	2,704,454

- Factor payments	1,020,769	882,752
Employee compensation (total hired labor)	657,057	497,619
Net rent received by nonoperator landlords	95,257	129,210
Real estate and nonreal estate interest	268,455	255,923

= Net farm income	1,151,436	1,821,703

More information on farm income • Farm Income Data • Farm Income and Costs Briefing Room • Contact Timothy Park, 202-694-5446.

Farm balance sheet

• Estimation of State-level Balance Sheets has been suspended. See the Farm Balance Sheet data page for more information.

Top Commodities, Exports, and Counties

	Value of receipts thousand $	Percent of state total farm receipts	Percent of US value
Top 5 agriculture commodities, 2010
1. Dairy products	1,411,000	21.8	4.5
2. Corn	1,082,488	16.7	2.4
3. Soybeans	866,544	13.4	2.6
4. Greenhouse/nursery	621,019	9.6	4.0
5. Cattle and calves	380,753	5.9	0.7

All commodities	6,485,696		2.1

More information on Michigan's top agriculture commodities • Leading commodities by cash receipts in Excel. • Other cash receipts data. • Contact Ted Covey, 202-694-5344.

	Rank among states	Value million $
Top 5 agriculture exports, estimates, FY 2010
1. Soybeans and products	12	588.7
2. Feed grains and products	13	276.3
3. Wheat and products	16	194.3
4. Other	6	175.4
5. Vegetables and preparations	9	158.0

Total export value	18	1,754.1

More information on agricultural exports • State Export Data • Agricultural Trade Briefing Room • Contact Nora Brooks, 202-694-5211.

	Percent of state total receipts	Thousands $
Top 5 counties in agricultural sales 2007
1. Allegan County	6.9	397,533
2. Ottawa County	6.8	391,093
3. Huron County	6.5	374,504
4. Sanilac County	3.8	216,737
5. Ionia County	3.5	201,226

State total		5,753,219

More information on agricultural sales • Census of Agriculture • Contact NASS Customer Service, 1-800-727-9540.

Data Sources

Local Area Unemployment Statistics, county data, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Current Population Survey, Food Security Supplements , 2002-2010, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce.
Regional Economic Information System, April 2011, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 Census of Population, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce.
2006-2010 American Community Survey, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce.
Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce, Consolidated Federal Funds Report
Organic data, USDA, Economic Research Service, based on information from USDA-accredited State and private organic certifiers.
Farm Income and Costs Briefing Room, Economic Research Service, USDA.
Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United States (FATUS), Economic Research Service, USDA.
Census of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

Prepared by Economic Research Service, USDA, Washington, DC.

For more information, contact: Tim Parker

Web administration: webadmin@ers.usda.gov

Updated date: January 17, 2012