Data Sets

State Fact Sheets: Pennsylvania

• Population, Income, Food Insecurity, Education, and Employment
• Federal Funds
• Organic Agriculture
• Farm Characteristics
• Farm Financial Indicators
• Top Commodities, Exports, and Counties
• About the State Fact Sheets

Data updated May 2, 2012

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Population, Income, Food Insecurity, Education, and Employment

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Population
Year
1980	1,863,337	10,001,383	11,864,720
1990	1,866,587	10,015,056	11,881,643
2000	1,961,307	10,319,747	12,281,054
2010	2,016,644	10,685,735	12,702,379
2011	2,015,712	10,727,174	12,742,886
More information on Pennsylvania population • County-level Population Data • Rural Population and Migration Briefing Room • Contact John Cromartie, 202-694-5421.

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Income
Per-capita income (2010 dollars)
2009	30,794	41,857	40,096
2010	31,272	42,364	40,604
Percent change	1.6	1.2	1.3

Earnings per job (2010 dollars)
2009	37,351	52,542	50,499
2010	38,230	53,019	51,020
Percent change	2.4	0.9	1.0

Poverty rate (percent)
1979	11.0	10.4	10.5
1989	12.5	10.9	11.1
1999	11.3	10.9	11.0
2010 (latest model-based estimates)	14.2	13.2	13.4
More information on Pennsylvania poverty rates • County-level Poverty Data • Rural Income, Poverty, and Welfare Briefing Room • See important notes about decennial and model-based intercensal poverty estimates • Contact Tracey Farrigan, 202-694-5489

	2002-04 Avg.	2005-07 Avg.	2008-10 Avg.
Household-level Food Insecurity and Very Low Food Security
Percent of households
Food insecure	10.2	10.0	12.5
Very low food security	2.9	3.4	5.0
More information on Food Insecurity • Food Security in the United States Briefing Room • Definitions of Food Insecurity and Very Low Food Security • Comparisons of prevalence rates of food insecurity between States must take account of the margins of error, which are sizeable for many States. Margins of error are published along with State prevalence rates in each year’s Household Food Security in the United States report. • Contact Alisha Coleman-Jensen, 202-694-5456.

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Education (Persons 25 and older)
Percent not completing high school
1980 (Census)	38.6	34.7	35.3
1990 (Census)	28.2	24.8	25.3
2000 (Census)	20.3	17.7	18.1
2006-2010 (ACS)	14.5	12.2	12.6

Percent completing high school only
1980 (Census)	44.0	39.8	40.4
1990 (Census)	45.9	37.2	38.6
2000 (Census)	47.0	36.4	38.1
2006-2010 (ACS)	47.0	36.0	37.8

Percent completing some college
1980 (Census)	8.6	11.1	10.7
1990 (Census)	14.6	18.8	18.2
2000 (Census)	18.8	22.0	21.4
2006-2010 (ACS)	22.0	23.5	23.2

Percent completing college
1980 (Census)	9.1	14.4	13.6
1990 (Census)	11.2	19.2	17.9
2000 (Census)	13.9	24.0	22.4
2006-2010 (ACS)	16.5	28.3	26.4
More information on Pennsylvania education • County-level Education Data • Rural Labor and Education Briefing Room • Contact Alexander Marré, 202-694-5338

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Employment
Total number of jobs
2009	957,609	6,162,613	7,120,222
2010	964,404	6,172,751	7,137,155

Percent employment change
2008-2009	-4.2	-3.3	-3.4
2009-2010	0.4	-1.0	-0.8
2010-2011	0.5	0.5	0.5

Unemployment rate (percent)
2010	8.9	8.4	8.5
2011	8.1	7.9	7.9
More information on Pennsylvania unemployment rates • County-level Unemployment and Median Household Income Data • Rural Labor and Education Briefing Room • Contact Lorin Kusmin, 202-694-5429

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Federal Funds, FY 2010
Federal funding, dollars per person
All Federal funds	9,774	11,866	11,534

Federal funding by purpose (function codes)
Agriculture and natural resources	46	11	17
Community resources	667	1,278	1,181
Defense and space	675	1,292	1,194
Human resources	143	164	161
Income security	7,152	7,254	7,238
National functions	1,091	1,866	1,743

Federal funding by type of payments (object codes)
Grants	1,242	1,785	1,699
Direct loans	221	320	305
Guaranteed/insured loans	577	1,153	1,062
Retirement/disability payments	3,671	3,369	3,417
Other direct payments to individuals	2,477	2,834	2,777
Direct payments, not to individuals	57	60	59
Procurement contracts	980	1,625	1,523
Salaries and wages	550	719	693
Total does not include Statewide funds undistributed at the county level. More information on Federal Funds • Program Function and Object Code Definitions • Federal Funds and Development Policy Briefing Room • Federal Funds Data • Contact Richard Reeder, 202-694-5360

* The terms “rural” and “urban” here refer to data for nonmetro and metro areas, a county-level classification defined by the Office of Management and Budget. We use the June 2003 version of nonmetro and metro areas because it reflects conditions at the beginning of the decade. See Measuring Rurality: What is Rural? for a discussion of differences between metro-nonmetro categories and the Census Bureau’s rural-urban classification.

More information on socioeconomic conditions • Rural Emphasis Page • Contact Tim Parker, 202-694-5435.

Organic Agriculture

	2006	2007	2008

Number of certified operations	310	354	420
Crops (acres)	19,788	26,285	34,127
Pasture & rangeland (acres)	9,330	11,110	12,865
Total acres	29,118	37,395	46,992
More information on organic agriculture • Organic Production Data • Organic Agriculture Briefing Room • Contact Catherine Greene, 202-694-5541.

Farm Characteristics

	1997	2002	2007
1997, 2002 and 2007 Census of Agriculture

Approximate total land area (acres)	28,684,522	28,682,630	28,631,687
Total farmland (acres)	7,819,648	7,745,336	7,809,244
Percent of total land area	27.3	27.0	27.3

Cropland (acres)	5,388,837	5,120,685	4,870,287
Percent of total farmland	68.9	66.1	62.4
Percent in pasture	14.1	11.5	8.2
Percent irrigated	0.7	0.8	0.8

Harvested Cropland (acres)	4,219,115	4,079,276	3,942,079

Woodland (acres)	1,563,874	1,579,829	1,717,791
Percent of total farmland	20.0	20.4	22.0
Percent in pasture	14.7	14.0	8.7

Pastureland (acres)	421,180	526,723	732,275
Percent of total farmland	5.4	6.8	9.4

Land in house lots, ponds, roads, wasteland, etc. (acres)	445,757	518,099	488,891
Percent of total farmland	5.7	6.7	6.3

Conservation practices
Farmland in conservation or wetlands reserve programs (acres)	117,712	190,959	232,543

Average farm size (acres)	130	133	124

Farms by size (percent)
1 to 99 acres	59.7	60.2	64.4
100 to 499 acres	36.4	35.6	31.8
500 to 999 acres	3.1	3.1	2.9
1000 to 1,999 acres	0.7	0.9	0.8
2,000 or more acres	0.2	0.2	0.2

Farms by sales (percent)
Less than $9,999	54.7	60.9	61.5
$10,000 to $49,999	20.2	16.0	16.8
$50,000 to $99,999	8.1	6.6	4.9
$100,000 to $499,999	14.7	14.1	13.3
More than $500,000	2.3	2.5	3.5

Tenure of farmers
Full owner (farms)	38,098	39,742	44,616
Percent of total	63.3	68.4	70.6

Part owner (farms)	16,175	13,976	14,333
Percent of total	26.9	24.1	22.7

Tenant owner (farms)	5,949	4,387	4,214
Percent of total	9.9	7.6	6.7

Farm organization
Individuals/family, sole proprietorship (farms)	54,039	53,201	57,749
Percent of total	89.7	91.6	91.4

Family-held corporations (farms)	1,277	1,077	1,480
Percent of total	2.1	1.9	2.3

Partnerships (farms)	4,509	3,428	3,265
Percent of total	7.5	5.9	5.2

Non-family corporations (farms)	158	172	239
Percent of total	0.3	0.3	0.4

Others - cooperative, estate or trust, institutional, etc. (farms)	239	227	430
Percent of total	0.4	0.4	0.7

Characteristics of principal farm operators
Average operator age (years)	52.4	53.1	55.2
Percent with farming as their primary occupation	50.3	56.7	45.5
Men	55,213	52,026	54,613
Women	5,009	6,079	8,550

More information on farm characteristics • Census of Agriculture • Contact NASS Customer Service, 1-800-727-9540.

Farm Financial Indicators

	2009	2010
Farm income and value added data

Number of farms	63,200	63,200

	Thousands $
Final crop output	2,016,037	1,960,500
+ Final animal output	3,108,291	3,673,863
+ Services and forestry	925,805	983,840
= Final agricultural sector output	6,050,133	6,618,203

- Intermediate consumption outlays	3,340,952	3,477,807
+ Net government transactions	-176,611	-257,397
= Gross value added	2,532,570	2,882,998

- Capital consumption	884,000	902,004

= Net value added	1,648,570	1,980,994

- Factor payments	697,635	674,812
Employee compensation (total hired labor)	586,709	565,952
Net rent received by nonoperator landlords	-135,836	-126,698
Real estate and nonreal estate interest	246,762	235,558

= Net farm income	950,936	1,306,183

More information on farm income • Farm Income Data • Farm Income and Costs Briefing Room • Contact Ted Covey, 202-694-5344.

Top Commodities, Exports, and Counties

	Value of receipts thousand $	Percent of state total farm receipts	Percent of US value
Top 5 agriculture commodities, 2010
1. Dairy products	1,954,440	34.3	6.2
2. Corn	479,199	8.4	1.1
3. Cattle and calves	463,298	8.1	0.9
4. Mushrooms, Agaricus	439,076	7.7	68.0
5. Chicken eggs	408,227	7.2	6.3

All commodities	5,690,119		1.8

More information on Pennsylvania's top agriculture commodities • Leading commodities by cash receipts in Excel. • Other cash receipts data. • Contact Ted Covey, 202-694-5344.

	Rank among states	Value million $
Top 5 agriculture exports, estimates, FY 2010
1. Wheat and products	14	236.6
2. Live animals and meat	14	228.3
3. Poultry and products	9	162.9
4. Soybeans and products	19	137.9
5. Dairy Products	7	121.9

Total export value	23	1,403.6

More information on agricultural exports • State Export Data • Agricultural Trade Briefing Room • Contact Nora Brooks, 202-694-5211.

	Percent of state total receipts	Thousands $
Top 5 counties in agricultural sales 2007
1. Lancaster County	18.5	1,072,151
2. Chester County	9.5	553,290
3. Berks County	6.3	367,840
4. Franklin County	5.2	304,450
5. Lebanon County	4.4	257,097

State total		5,808,803

More information on agricultural sales • Census of Agriculture • Contact NASS Customer Service, 1-800-727-9540.

Data Sources

Local Area Unemployment Statistics, county data, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Current Population Survey, Food Security Supplements , 2002-2010, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce.
Regional Economic Information System, April 2012, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 Census of Population, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce.
2006-2010 American Community Survey, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce.
Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce, Consolidated Federal Funds Report
Organic data, USDA, Economic Research Service, based on information from USDA-accredited State and private organic certifiers.
Farm Income and Costs Briefing Room, Economic Research Service, USDA.
Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United States (FATUS), Economic Research Service, USDA.
Census of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

Prepared by Economic Research Service, USDA, Washington, DC.

For more information, contact: Tim Parker

Web administration: webadmin@ers.usda.gov

Updated date: May 2, 2012