Agricultural Trade Multipliers: ERS Estimates

Commodity	Producer employment multiplier	Port employment multiplier	Producer output multiplier	Port output multiplier
	(Jobs/billion $ export value)	(Jobs/billion $ export value)	($ total economic output/$ export value)	($ total economic output/$ export value)
Soybeans	14,814	15,335	2.15	2.69
Other oilseeds	6,560	10,260	2.15	2.69
Wheat	18,315	12,264	2.65	2.32
Rice	17,885	12,104	2.69	2.35
Corn	18,523	12,338	2.64	2.32
Other feed crops	5,743	8,017	2.64	2.32
Vegetables and melons	11,466	9,349	2.21	1.90
Tree nuts	18,747	11,014	2.58	1.80
Fruits	18,907	10,358	2.79	1.91
Greenhouse and nursery products	15,716	12,014	1.67	1.71
Tobacco	19,415	16,335	2.12	2.37
Cotton	13,757	19,008	2.48	3.18
Sugarcane and sugar beets	29,816	17,028	2.95	2.54
All other crops	12,651	10,868	2.57	2.41
Cattle	28,856	18,299	3.86	3.27
Poultry and eggs	25,020	16,310	3.17	3.05
Animal production, except cattle, poultry, and eggs	28,142	16,378	3.71	3.17
Forest nursery, forest and timber tract products	11,429	16,143	2.30	2.35
Fish	17,186	9,955	2.28	2.27
Dog and cat food	4,255	9,478	3.46	3.10
Other animal food	4,124	10,044	3.42	3.13
Flour milling products	2,308	9,369	3.15	2.83
Rice milling products	2,334	9,651	3.20	2.94
Malt	2,319	8,397	3.35	2.71
Wet corn milling products	2,264	8,837	3.15	2.83
Processed soybean products	2,562	10,416	3.33	2.90
Other oilseed products	2,481	10,595	3.27	2.83
Fats and oils refining and blending products	2,763	9,737	3.67	3.13
Breakfast cereal	2,918	8,821	3.12	2.64
Sugar	4,335	10,135	3.78	2.88
Confectionery products from cacao beans	7,314	8,715	2.94	2.45
Nonchocolate confectionery products	7,109	7,449	2.65	2.15
Frozen food products	7,960	8,783	2.92	2.34
Dried and canned fruit and vegetable products	6,559	8,175	2.97	2.34
Fluid milk	6,054	13,203	3.96	3.33
Creamery butter	3,969	11,215	4.08	3.17
Cheese	4,146	13,135	4.27	3.49
Dry condensed and evaporated dairy products	3,312	9,529	3.40	2.72
Ice cream and frozen dessert	6,751	9,324	3.26	2.68
Animal (except poultry) slaughtering	6,926	15,635	4.38	3.58
Meat processed from carcasses	9,696	13,733	4.06	3.41
Rendering and meat byproducts	8,319	11,314	3.51	3.00
Processed poultry products	13,416	14,052	3.53	2.98
Frozen cakes and other pastries	14,436	9,595	2.87	2.21
Bread and bakery products (except frozen)	11,691	10,264	2.33	1.96
Cookies and crackers	6,422	6,951	2.53	2.12
Mixes and dough made from purchased flour	7,514	8,002	2.95	2.41
Dry pasta products	6,818	6,949	2.58	2.01
Roasted nuts and peanut butter	5,412	9,250	2.99	2.45
Other snack foods	4,893	7,139	2.62	2.14
Coffee and tea	5,075	10,093	3.33	2.64
Flavoring syrups and concentrates	3,330	4,744	2.11	1.79
Mayonnaise dressings and sauces	4,709	7,176	2.99	2.46
Spices and extracts	4,030	6,793	2.55	2.07
All other food products	4,943	9,000	3.12	2.63
Soft drinks and ice	6,012	7,426	3.10	2.48
Brewery products	2,114	5,536	2.43	1.93
Wines	2,417	6,911	2.84	2.25
Tobacco stemming and redrying products	1,648	6,338	4.05	2.16
Other miscellaneous textile products	13,033	11,757	2.84	2.58
Other basic organic chemical products	1,677	6,595	3.72	3.17
Pharmaceutical and medicine products	3,446	5,701	2.34	2.02
Adhesive products	5,608	7,548	3.10	2.60
Surface active agents	4,392	7,122	3.63	3.11
Other miscellaneous chemical products	5,821	7,619	3.10	2.48
Rubber and plastic hoses and belting	10,509	9,027	2.70	2.40
Buttons, pins, and all other miscellaneous	11,979	9,512	2.60	2.20
Scrap	0	9,355	2.84	2.36
Rest of the world adjustment to final uses	0	0	0.00	0.00