Agricultural Trade Multipliers: ERS Estimates

Commodity	Producer employment multiplier	Port employment multiplier	Producer output multiplier	Port output multiplier
	(Jobs/billion $ export value)	(Jobs/billion $ export value)	($ total economic output/$ export value)	($ total economic output/$ export value)
Soybeans	43,795	35,718	7.28	9.09
Other oilseeds	19,394	30,640	7.28	9.09
Wheat	54,595	28,434	8.29	7.40
Rice	53,229	28,400	8.39	7.47
Corn	55,235	28,480	8.27	7.39
Other feed crops	17,127	24,157	8.27	7.39
Vegetables and melons	43,574	25,674	8.69	7.03
Tree nuts	104,449	34,425	13.55	9.16
Fruits	53,419	21,636	7.55	5.45
Greenhouse and nursery products	69,008	30,605	8.12	7.55
Tobacco	58,487	33,699	6.99	7.83
Cotton	39,061	41,593	7.97	10.27
Sugarcane and sugar beets	69,560	28,021	6.90	5.99
All other crops	33,911	24,918	7.17	6.82
Cattle	62,266	30,999	8.54	7.26
Poultry and eggs	69,228	35,784	9.53	9.17
Animal production, except cattle, poultry, and eggs	52,914	26,562	7.20	6.37
Forest nursery, forest and timber tract products	33,883	33,262	7.57	7.72
Fish	33,413	27,206	7.72	7.68
Dog and cat food	10,195	25,474	8.91	8.12
Other animal food	10,355	26,983	9.13	8.45
Flour milling products	6,039	25,811	8.77	8.00
Rice milling products	6,123	26,544	8.90	8.25
Malt	6,197	23,962	9.19	7.60
Wet corn milling products	5,847	24,678	8.54	7.80
Processed soybean products	6,236	26,100	8.86	7.83
Other oilseed products	6,240	26,563	8.92	7.85
Fats and oils refining and blending products	6,509	25,622	9.30	8.12
Breakfast cereal	7,750	24,815	8.78	7.67
Sugar	10,369	23,932	9.11	7.21
Confectionery products from cacao beans	20,078	22,131	7.92	6.67
Nonchocolate confectionery products	19,583	20,590	7.55	6.28
Frozen food products	21,431	22,651	8.14	6.70
Dried and canned fruit and vegetable products	17,435	21,887	8.17	6.64
Fluid milk	13,835	28,103	9.38	8.01
Creamery butter	8,839	25,578	9.43	7.69
Cheese	9,018	27,694	9.63	8.07
Dry condensed and evaporated dairy products	7,524	22,244	8.03	6.71
Ice cream and frozen dessert	16,742	23,364	8.43	7.09
Animal (except poultry) slaughtering	14,353	29,520	9.42	7.94
Meat processed from carcasses	21,993	28,867	9.58	8.16
Rendering and meat byproducts	19,661	25,446	8.60	7.44
Processed poultry products	40,018	32,227	10.22	8.69
Frozen cakes and other pastries	40,887	23,909	8.45	6.70
Bread and bakery products (except frozen)	37,731	24,956	7.82	6.57
Cookies and crackers	18,114	20,213	7.46	6.29
Mixes and dough made from purchased flour	19,557	21,614	8.03	6.68
Dry pasta products	17,173	19,142	7.07	5.84
Roasted nuts and peanut butter	16,279	25,691	9.24	7.62
Other snack foods	13,454	20,561	7.54	6.35
Coffee and tea	13,208	24,801	8.82	7.26
Flavoring syrups and concentrates	7,557	12,927	4.96	4.36
Mayonnaise dressings and sauces	11,810	20,117	7.78	6.53
Spices and extracts	11,011	19,510	7.26	6.07
All other food products	13,101	24,114	8.63	7.38
Soft drinks and ice	14,854	20,463	7.96	6.58
Brewery products	5,262	16,581	6.29	5.40
Wines	6,304	19,722	7.60	6.27
Tobacco stemming and redrying products	3,884	14,708	8.78	4.79
Other miscellaneous textile products	37,089	29,293	8.79	8.09
Other basic organic chemical products	4,311	22,057	9.22	8.03
Pharmaceutical and medicine products	9,402	18,370	6.78	6.00
Adhesive products	15,019	22,396	8.39	7.27
Surface active agents	11,291	22,791	9.21	8.03
Other miscellaneous chemical products	15,708	22,265	8.44	7.08
Rubber and plastics hose and belting	30,208	24,549	8.16	7.28
Buttons, pins, and all other miscellaneous	36,738	25,447	8.47	7.21
Scrap	0	8,975	0.00	2.52
Rest of the world adjustment to final uses	0	0	0.00	0.00