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World Agriculture: Trends and Indicators
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This is an archived data product. It does not reflect
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World Agriculture: Trends and Indicators: documentation
Any contact information shown below may be outdated.
See the product introduction to download this data set.
World Agriculture: Trends & Indicators, 1961-91 Stock #89024
(updated 1/94)
Economic Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture
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NOTE: This product is no longer supported by ERS and no further updates
will be issued. It will continue to be made available through this
website as a means of preserving its historic and research value.
For questions, comments or further information about these data, contact:
The ERS Information Center at: Phone: 202-694-5050
e-mail: service@ers.usda.gov
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Project Coordinator
Francis Urban
Statistical Coordinator Computer Systems
Ray Nightingale Kenneth King
Tamara Karas
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This product is a result of team effort in the Markets and Competition
Branch, Agricultural Trade and Analysis Division, working with others in
the Economic Research Service. In addition to those named above, the
following team members participated in the design of the project data
and computer systems and the preparation of statistical series: Sean
Jepson, Andrew Kerns, Tammy Hall, Philip Brent, Samuel Calhoun, and
Timothy Baxter.
The WATI system was designed to serve as a basic reference, providing
reliable, up-to-date, and internationally comparable performance
indicators of world, region, and individual country economies and
agriculture. Apart from the care taken regarding data quality,
particular attention has been paid to data comparability. This
information is used in ERS in the preparation of timely studies to
support policy analyses and to answer daily requests for information
from policy makers, the academic and business communities, and the
general public.
WATI provides aggregate information for the world, geographic regions,
and individual countries on principal macroeconomic indicators,
consumption indicators, factors of production, agricultural production
indices, area, yield, and production of principal crops, livestock
yields and production, and agricultural trade. Depending on country
data availability, the system lists between 150 and 184 indicators per
country.
The 159 individual countries account for well over 99 percent of world
population, agricultural production, or trade. This generally includes
all countries with the population of 500,000 or more. The West Bank is
not included, even with an estimated 1993 population of over 1.4
million, because the United Nations provides no statistics for the
territory and other sources show only very limited information for it.
Gaza strip is included, even though it has a smaller population (about
700,000) than the West Bank. Luxembourg, with a population of 379,000,
is listed with Belgium because FAO provides statistics for the two
countries together as Belgium-Luxembourg.
The statistical series and those used to compute indices and indicators,
as well as already computed statistical measures, come from a variety of
sources. These sources include the United States Department of
Agriculture, Bureau of the Census of the U.S. Department of Commerce,
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Bank,
International Monetary Fund, the United Nations and other, as indicated
in the section below on Data Definitions and Sources. These series have
been selected because of their usefulness as performance indicators,
consistency over time, and comparability across countries.
In the interest of providing a comprehensive and comparative picture of
country and regional agricultural economies, we reproduce some
information also included in the FAO's Country Tables and the World
Bank's World Tables. Such repetitions cannot be avoided. There is no
doubt that the information provided here can be improved to better
measure the performance of world, regional, and individual country
economies and agriculture. Any suggestion in this regard would be
welcome by ERS.
REGIONAL COUNTRY GROUPINGS
North America:
Canada, Greenland, St. Pierre and Miquelon, United States
Australia and New Zealand.
European Community-12:
Belgium-Luxembourg, Denmark, France, Germany (West, historical series),
Greece, Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom.
FILE INDEX
Files are named ***.WK1, where *** is the file name from the list below:
Country/region File name
------------------- ---------
North America namerica
Canada canada
United States usa
Australia austrlia
New Zealand newzeal
Australia & New Zealand aus-nz
European Community-12 ec12
Belgium-Luxembourg belglux
Denmark denmark
France france
West Germany, former germanyw
Greece greece
Ireland ireland
Italy italy
Netherlands netherld
Portugal portugal
Spain spain
United Kingdom uk
DATA DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES
The world, regional, and country indicators use the same definitions and
are based on the same sources except where noted below.
World and Regional aggregates . . . World and Regional aggregates are
sums or weighted averages of
country data over regions
identified in "Countries Included
in Regional Groupings". These
aggregates are excluded wherever
required country data are missing.
Growth rates . . . . . . . . . . . All growth rates are compounded
rates from the preceding indicated
period. Thus growth rate for 1970
are for the period 1965-70.
Macroeconomic Indicators
---------------------------------
Population . . . . . . . . . . . . Total population. World Population
by Country and Region, 1950-90 and
Projections to 2050. Francis Urban
& Ray Nightingale. USDA/ERS. Staff
Report No. AGES 9306. April 1993
Agricultural population . . . . . All persons depending on
agriculture for their livelihood,
whether economically active or
dependents. FAO, Production
Yearbook computer tape.
Population/square kilometer
of total area . . . . . . . . . . . Total population divided by total
area. Total area from FAO,
Production Yearbook computer tape.
Total labor force . . . . . . . . Percentage of total adult
population employed full time.
FAO, Production Yearbook computer
tape.
Agricultural labor force . . . . . Percentage of total economically
active population. FAO,
Production yearbook computer tape.
Gross national product (GNP) . . . All goods and services produced
domestically, plus net foreign
trade. Total GNP is in current
dollars and is calculated by
multiplying per caput GNP by
population. World Bank, World
Tables 1992.
GNP per caput . . . . . . . . . . . Per caput GNP as calculated in
World Bank. World Bank, World
Tables 1992.
Gross domestic prod.(GDP) 87 US$. . Per caput GDP in 1987 U.S. dollars
multiplied by population.
Population from World Bank, World
Tables 1992.
GDP per caput in 1987 US$ . . . . Gross domestic product per
caput in 1987 U.S. dollars.
Computed by ERS from World Bank's
World Tables 1992. GDP
in 1987 local currency was
converted to 1987 U.S. dollars
using the 1987 average exchange
rate.
GDP in 1987 local currency. . . . . GDP in constant local prices,
World Bank, World Tables 1992.
GDP growth rate . . . . . . . . . . Average annual growth of GDP in
constant local prices. World Bank,
World Tables 1992.
GDP in agriculture . . . . . . . . Percentage of gross domestic
product (GNP less foreign trade)
that is generated in the
agricultural sector. World Bank,
World Tables 1992.
Gross domestic investment/GDP . . . Gross domestic investment over
gross domestic product, both in
constant local currency. World
Bank, World Tables 1992.
Gross domestic savings/GDP. . . . . Gross domestic savings over gross
domestic product, both in constant
local currency. World Bank, World
Tables 1992.
Government deficit/surplus/GDP . . Government deficit or surplus over
gross domestic product, both at
current local prices. World
Bank, World Tables 1992.
Government expenditures/GDP . . . . Government expenditures over gross
domestic product, both at current
local prices. World Bank, World
Tables 1992.
GNP (world) . . . . . . . . . . . . Total gross national product in
1990 US dollars. U.S. Government
sources.
Consumer Price Index . . . . . . . The ratio of the current level of
consumer prices to the base period
level (1985=100)(countries only).
IMF, International Financial
Statistics computer tape.
Energy consumption . . . . . . . . Aggregate annual consumption of
energy in oil equivalent. U.N.
Department of International
Economic and Social Affairs data
disk.
Energy consumption per person/year. Energy consumption divided by
total population.
Energy consumption per $1,000 GNP . Energy consumption divided by GNP.
Exchange rate . . . . . . . . . . . National currency per U.S. dollar
averaged over the year. IMF,
International Financial Statistics
computer tape.
Total external debt . . . . . . . . Total debt stocks, including
public and private guaranteed,
private non-guaranteed, IMF credit
and short-term debt. Computed
from World Bank, World Tables 1992.
Debt service . . . . . . . . . . . Total debt service (principal and
interest) on long-term debt, IMF
repurchases and charges and
interest on short term debt.
Computed from World Bank, World
Tables 1992.
Debt service ratio . . . . . . . . Ratio of debt service to exports
of goods and services. Computed
from World Bank, World Tables 1992.
Treasury bills rate . . . . . . . . Short-term rate at which
government debt is issued or
traded, period averages in percent
per annum (countries only).
IMF, International Financial
Statistics, various yearbooks.
Government bonds yield. . . . . . . Longer-term yields of government
bonds, average yields to maturity
in percent per annum (countries
only). IMF, International Financial
Statistics various yearbooks.
LIBOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The London interbank offer rate on
US$ deposits, 3 month period
averages in percent per annum
(World only). IMF, International
Financial Statistics, various
yearbooks.
Consumption Indicators
---------------------------------
Per capita utilization of cereals . Gross utilization of all cereals
(accounting for stocks and trade,
including feed use) divided by
population. USDA/FAS. Production,
Supply, and Distribution (P.S.&D.)
computer data base.
Calorie intake . . . . . . . . . . Average calorie intake per person
per day. FAO, Food Balance Sheets
computer tape.
Protein intake . . . . . . . . . . Average protein intake per person
per day. FAO, Food Balance Sheets
computer tape.
Share of food in personal
consumption expenditures . . . . . Ratio of aggregate expenditures on
food as a portion of aggregate
personal consumption expenditures.
USDA/ERS, U.S. and World Food,
Beverages, and Tobacco Expenditures.
Larry Traub, Electronic Products
#86014, 1993.
Factors of Production (FAO, Production Yearbook computer tape)
--------------------------------------------------------------
Total land . . . . . . . . . . . . Total area in country, including
water bodies.
Arable and permanent cropland . . . Arable land includes land under
temporary crops, temporary
meadows, kitchen or garden land,
and land temporarily fallow.
Permanent cropland refers to land
that is not planted after each
harvest (for example, fruit,
rubber, and other trees; excludes
land used for timber).
Permanent pastures . . . . . . . . Land used for permanent forage
crops for 5 or more years.
Irrigated area . . . . . . . . . . Land area that is purposefully
provided with water.
Agricultural labor force/1000 hec . Ratio of the economically active
agricultural labor force to arable
and permanent cropland.
Tractors/1,000 hectares . . . . . . Ratio of tractors in use to arable
and permanent cropland.
Tractors/1000 agriculture workers . Ratio of tractors in use to
economically active labor force in
agriculture.
Fertilizer use/ha. . . . . . . . . Ratio of total fertilizer use in
nutrient content equivalent
(nitrogen, phosphate, and potash)
per hectare of arable and
permanent cropland.
Production Values, in 1979-81 international dollars. (FAO, Production
Yearbook computer tape)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total agricultural production . . . Total value of current
agricultural output. Includes
food and nonfood output (fibers,
hides and skins, rubber, and
tobacco).
Total food production . . . . . . . Total value of food output.
Total crop production . . . . . . . Total value of crop output.
Total cereals. . . . . . . . . . Total value of cereals output.
Total pulses . . . . . . . . . . Total value of pulses output.
Total primary oilcrops . . . . . Total value of primary oilcrops.
Total roots and tubers . . . . . Total value of roots and tubers.
Total livestock production . . . . Total value of livestock output.
Crop production per hectare . . . Total value of crop production
divided by arable and permanent
cropland.
Agricultural production/agricultural
worker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total value of agricultural output
divided by the agricultural labor
force.
Production Indices, 1979-81 = 100, (FAO, Production Yearbook computer
tape)
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total agriculture . . . . . . . . . Index of the value of current
total agricultural output to the
base period. Agricultural output
defined as above.
Total agriculture/caput . . . . . . Index of the value of current
total agricultural output per
person (total population) to the
base period.
Total food . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of the value of current
total food output to the base
period. Food output excludes
output of agricultural commodities
not consumed by humans (wool,
rubber, and others).
Total food/caput . . . . . . . . . Index of the value of current
total food output per person
(total population) to the base
period.
Total crop . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of the current value of
total crop production to the base
period. Crop production defined
as above.
Total livestock . . . . . . . . . . Index of the current value of
total livestock production to the
base period. Livestock production
defined as above.
Crop production/hectare . . . . . Index of total value of crop
production divided by arable and
permanent cropland to the base
period.
Agricultural production/agriculture
worker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index of total value of
agricultural output divided by the
agricultural labor force to the
base period.
Production Quantities, Area, and Yields. (FAO, Production Yearbook
computer tape)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Cereals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Includes all cereals listed below,
plus any other cereals produced in
small quantities.
Wheat . . . . . . . . . . . . . All kinds and grades.
Rye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All kinds and grades.
Rice, paddy . . . . . . . . . . All kinds and grades (paddy
basis).
Corn (maize) . . . . . . . . . . All kinds and grades.
Barley . . . . . . . . . . . . . All kinds and grades.
Oats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All kinds and grades.
Sorghum . . . . . . . . . . . . All kinds and grades.
Millet . . . . . . . . . . . . . All kinds and grades.
Soybeans . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior to processing.
Rapeseed . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior to processing.
Cottonseed . . . . . . . . . . . . Seed separated from cotton lint
prior to processing; may be
derived from ginning rates for
some countries.
Peanuts, in shell . . . . . . . . . Prior to processing.
Sunflower . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior to processing.
Palm oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior to processing.
Sugar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Centrifugal, raw.
Roots and tubers . . . . . . . . . Includes potatoes, sweet potatoes,
cassava (manioc), taros, yams, and
other.
Pulses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Includes dry beans, dry broad
beans, dry peas, chick-peas,
lentils, cow peas, and vetch.
Fruits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Includes watermelon, cantaloupes,
melon, grapes, dates, apples,
pears, peaches, nectarines, plums,
oranges, lemons, limes mandarins,
grapefruit, pineapples, bananas,
plantains, mangos, papayas,
apricots, avocados, strawberries,
and raspberries.
Vegetables . . . . . . . . . . . . Includes cabbages, artichokes,
tomatoes, cauliflower, pumpkins,
squash, gourds, cucumbers,
gherkins, eggplants, chilies,
peppers, onions, garlic, green
beans, green peas, and carrots.
Coffee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refers to green beans.
Tea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dried tea leaves.
Cocoa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cocoa beans fermented and dried.
Tobacco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tobacco leaves.
Meat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Production in dressed carcass
weight, excluding offals and fats.
Total production includes beef and
veal, mutton and lamb, and
buffalo, goat, pig, camel, horse,
and poultry meats; also includes
wild animals (rabbits, game, and
others). Yields for meats listed
below are in average dressed
carcass weights. All data refer
to livestock slaughtered within
national boundaries, regardless of
origin.
Beef and veal . . . . . . . . . Dressed carcass weight for beef
and veal.
Mutton and lamb . . . . . . . . Dressed carcass weight for mutton
and lamb.
Pork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dressed carcass weight for
pigmeat.
Poultry . . . . . . . . . . . . All domestic birds on a
ready-to-cook basis. Production in
countries that do not report on
ready-to-cook basis converted by
FAO. U.S. data includes giblets;
many countries do not specify if
giblets are included.
Milk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Includes cow, buffalo, sheep, and
goat milk.
Eggs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chicken eggs.
Cotton lint . . . . . . . . . . . . Cotton lint separated from the
seed.
Wool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Greasy basis.
Hides and skins . . . . . . . . . . Fresh weight.
Cereal Stocks (World table only), USDA/FAS, P.S.& D. computer data base
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Total cereals . . . . . . . . . . . Sum of wheat, rice, rye, and
coarse grains.
Wheat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Other" is the difference between
total wheat stocks and countries
shown.
Rice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Other" is the difference between
total rice stocks and countries
shown.
Coarse grains. . . . . . . . . . Includes corn (maize), barley,
oats, sorghum, millet, rye and mixed
grains. "Other" is the difference
between total coarse grains and
the countries shown.
World Stocks as percentage of use, World table only, (USDA/FAS, P.S. &
D. computer data base)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Total cereals . . . . . . . . . . . Aggregate total cereal ending
stocks as percentage of aggregate
total cereal use.
Wheat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aggregate total wheat ending
stocks as percentage of aggregate
total cereal use.
Rice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aggregate total rice ending
stocks as percentage of aggregate
total cereal use.
Coarse grains. . . . . . . . . . Aggregate total coarse grains ending
stocks as percentage of aggregate
total cereal use.
Trade
-----
Self-sufficiency ratios:
Cereals . . . . . . . . . . . . Ratio of total cereal production
(adjusting for stock changes) to
domestic use (including trade and
allowing for feed use). USDA/FAS,
P.S.&D. computer data base.
Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ratio of indigenous production of
food divided by domestic
consumption of food. Food is
weighted in food energy (calorie)
terms. FAO, Socioeconomic
Indicators Related to the
Agricultural Sector and Rural
Development.
Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . Ratio of the value of indigenous
production divided by domestic
consumption. FAO, unpublished
computer printouts for Global
Programming System, 1974-81;
updated and partially published
in AT 2000. July 1987.
Value of total trade . . . . . . . All merchandise exports (f.o.b.)
and imports (c.i.f.). IMF,
International Financial Statistics
computer tape.
Trade balance . . . . . . . . . . . Net merchandise trade.
Value of agricultural trade . . . . All agricultural exports (f.o.b.)
and (c.i.f.), excluding fish and
forestry products. FAO, Trade
Yearbook computer tape.
Imports from the United States . . Total merchandise imports from the
United States; 1967-74, f.o.b.;
1975-91, c.i.f. U.N. trade data
base, U.S. reporting basis.
Exports to the United States . . . Total merchandise exports to the
United States, f.o.b. U.N. trade
data base, U.S. reporting basis.
Agricultural imports from
the United States . . . . . . . . . Total agricultural imports from
the United States; 1967-74,
f.o.b.; 1975-91, c.i.f. U.N.
trade data base, U.S. reporting
basis.
Agricultural exports
to the United States . . . . . . . Total agricultural exports to the
United States, f.o.b. U.N. trade
data base, U.S. reporting basis.
International Prices (IMF, International Financial Statistics computer
tape and Monthly Commodity Price Bulletin, UNCTAD, United Nations,
unless otherwise noted.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Wheat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. (gulf ports) f.o.b., No. 1
Hard Red Winter, ordinary protein,
calendar year monthly average.
Rice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thailand (Bangkok) F.O.B., white
milled, 5-percent unbroken.
Barley. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada c.i.f. to United Kingdom.
FAO, Quarterly Bulletin of
Statistics.
Corn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Chicago f.o.b., yellow # 2.
Soybeans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. (Rotterdam) c.i.f. No. 2
bulk.
Rapeseed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada c.i.f. to EC. FAO, Quarterly
Bulletin of Statistics.
Sugar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EC import price, c.i.f., No. 11
spot price and London daily.
Oranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . United States (New York), f.o.b.
California navel (USDA/ERS).
Bananas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin America (U.S. ports), c.i.f.
fresh.
Coffee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brazil (New York), unwashed,
arabica, santos No. 4.
Tea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sri Lanka (New York), standard,
black in bulk.
Cocoa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New York and London, average daily
price.
Beef. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Australia (New York), f.o.b.
Pork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EC pork, slaughter wholesale
price, FAO, Quarterly Bulletin of
Statistics.
Poultry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal Republic of Germany,
broilers, liveweight at farm, FAO,
Quarterly Bulletin of Statistics.
Cotton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . United States (10 markets)
domestic grade.
Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spot average crude price,
US$/barrel.
Urea. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Any origin (Europe).
Agricultural Trade, imports and exports. (FAO, Trade Yearbook computer
tape)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cereals and preparations . . . . . Includes wheat, rice, corn,
barley, sorghum, millet,
triticale, rye, and oats and their
byproducts.
Wheat and flour . . . . . . . . Includes both unprocessed wheat
and wheat flour.
Rice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Milled rice only.
Corn (maize) . . . . . . . . . . All grades.
Barley . . . . . . . . . . . . . All grades.
Oilseeds and oilseed feed. . . . . Unprocessed oilseeds feeding
stuffs from oil-seed and
other crops below.
Oilseeds . . . . . . . . . . . . Unprocessed seeds of groundnut,
rape, soya, palm, cotton,
sunflower, and others.
Feedingstuffs. . . . . . . . . . Oilseed cake and meal.
Vegetable oils . . . . . . . . . . Processed oils and fixed vegetable
oils of soybeans, rape, maize,
cottonseed, sunflower, peanuts,
olives, coconuts, palm kernels,
and others.
Fibers:
Wool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wool, clean and greasy.
Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cotton lint.
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fibers less wool and cotton lint
(includes hair, silk, flax, hemp,
sisal, jute, and kapok).
Tobacco and products . . . . . . . Includes both processed and
unprocessed tobacco.
Fruits, vegetables, and products . Fresh and processed, temperate and
tropical fruits and vegetables
including: roots and tubers,
greens, peas & beans, tomatoes,
onions, citrus, stone fruits,
berries, bananas, apples, grapes,
raisins, coconuts, pears,
pineapples, dates, melons, figs,
nuts, and many regional and exotic
foods.
Sugar and honey . . . . . . . . . . Includes raw centrifugal, non-
centrifugal, refined,
confectionary, molasses, syrups
and honey.
Beverages:
Coffee, tea, cocoa and spices . . . All coffee grades, processed and
unprocessed, cocoa bean products,
and all varieties of tea, and
spices, including: pepper, ginger,
cinnamon, vanilla, etc.
Other beverages . . . . . . . . . All alcoholic beverages, including
wine and beer, and non-alcoholic
beverages (such as mineral water).
Live animals . . . . . . . . . . . Living animals used in dairy and
meat production, including bovine
cattle, sheep and goats, camels,
pigs and fowl.
Meat and meat preparations . . . . All meat products, including
edible offals.
Dairy products and eggs . . . . . . Includes milk of all dairy
animals, processed dairy products,
and eggs and egg products.
Other agriculture products. . . . . Miscellaneous foods, animal fats,
hides and skins, natural rubber,
crude materials not elsewhere
specified.
Farm inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery, fertilizers, and
pesticides.
Tractors . . . . . . . . . . . . All tractors employed in
agriculture.
Fertilizers . . . . . . . . . . Nitrogenous, phosphate, potash and
other chemical fertilizers.
Pesticides . . . . . . . . . . . All chemical pesticides.
SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
0 or - . . . . . . . . . Zero or negligible (less than 0.05 of the
unit) or, in come cases, does not apply.
... . . . . . . . . . . Data not available
Mil. . . . . . . . . . . Million
Bil.. . . . . . . . . . . Billion
Ha . . . . . . . . . . . Hectare(s)
Kg . . . . . . . . . . . Kilogram(s)
Kg/ha . . . . . . . . . . Kilograms per hectare
Kg/an . . . . . . . . . . Kilograms per animal
MT . . . . . . . . . . . Metric ton(s)
No. . . . . . . . . . . . Numbers
Pct.. . . . . . . . . . . Percent
$ . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. dollars
Curr. $ . . . . . . . . . Current U.S. dollars
Int. $ . . . . . . . . . International dollar: A value unit developed
by FAO to avoid the use of exchange rates.
Its purpose is to compute country and regional
aggregates by using "international commodity
prices." The method assigns a single world
price to each commodity. For example, 1 ton
of wheat has the same price in whichever
country it is produced. Each price can be
interpreted as a 1979-81 average of prices in
different countries after converting them into
a common currency unit. For the full
definition, see Intercountry Comparisons of
Agricultural Production Aggregates, FAO, Rome,
1986.
CONVERSION CHART
1 hectare (ha). . . . . . . . . . 2.471 acres
1 kilogram (kg) . . . . . . . . . 2.2046 pounds
1 metric ton (MT) . . . . . . 2,204.6 pounds
1 kilometer (km). . . . . . . . . . 0.621 miles
1 square kilometer (sq. km) . . . . 0.38608 square miles
END OF FILE
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