Population, Income, Food Insecurity, Education, and Employment
| Population |
| |
Rural * |
Urban * |
Total |
| Year |
| 1980 |
513,844 |
272,846 |
786,690 |
| 1990 |
521,188 |
277,877 |
799,065 |
| 2000 |
587,132 |
315,063 |
902,195 |
| 2010 |
640,739 |
348,676 |
989,415 |
More information on Montana population
• County-level Population Data
• Rural Population and Migration Briefing Room
• Contact John Cromartie, 202-694-5421.
|
|
Income
|
| |
Rural * |
Urban * |
Total |
| Per-capita income (2009 dollars) |
| 2008 |
33,741 |
37,668 |
35,127 |
| 2009 |
33,354 |
37,514 |
34,828 |
| Percent change |
-1.1 |
-0.4 |
-0.9 |
| |
| Earnings per job (2009 dollars) |
| 2008 |
34,084 |
39,975 |
36,272 |
| 2009 |
33,995 |
40,515 |
36,439 |
| Percent change |
-0.3 |
1.4 |
0.5 |
| |
| Poverty rate (percent) |
| 1979 |
13.3 |
10.3 |
12.3 |
| 1989 |
17.2 |
14.0 |
16.1 |
| 1999 |
15.5 |
12.8 |
14.6 |
| 2010 (latest model-based estimates) |
16.0 |
13.7 |
15.2 |
More information on Montana poverty rates
• County-level Poverty Data
• Rural Income, Poverty, and Welfare Briefing Room
• See important notes about decennial and model-based intercensal poverty estimates
• Contact Tracey Farrigan, 202-694-5489
|
|
Education (Persons 25 and older)
|
| |
Rural * |
Urban * |
Total |
| Percent not completing high school |
| 1980 (Census) |
27.1 |
22.8 |
25.6 |
| 1990 (Census) |
20.5 |
16.2 |
19.0 |
| 2000 (Census) |
13.7 |
11.2 |
12.8 |
| 2006-2010 (ACS) |
9.4 |
8.4 |
9.0 |
| |
| Percent completing high school only |
| 1980 (Census) |
38.0 |
37.6 |
38.0 |
| 1990 (Census) |
34.1 |
32.3 |
33.5 |
| 2000 (Census) |
31.7 |
30.5 |
31.3 |
| 2006-2010 (ACS) |
32.3 |
29.2 |
31.2 |
| |
| Percent completing some college |
| 1980 (Census) |
18.7 |
19.6 |
19.0 |
| 1990 (Census) |
27.0 |
29.1 |
27.7 |
| 2000 (Census) |
31.5 |
31.5 |
31.5 |
| 2006-2010 (ACS) |
31.9 |
31.8 |
31.8 |
| |
| Percent completing college |
| 1980 (Census) |
16.1 |
20.0 |
17.5 |
| 1990 (Census) |
18.5 |
22.3 |
19.8 |
| 2000 (Census) |
23.0 |
26.9 |
24.4 |
| 2006-2010 (ACS) |
26.4 |
30.6 |
27.9 |
More information on Montana education
• County-level Education Data
• Rural Labor and Education Briefing Room
• Contact Alexander Marré, 202-694-5338
|
|
Federal Funds, FY 2010
|
| |
Rural * |
Urban * |
Total |
| Federal funding, dollars per person |
| All Federal funds |
11,006 |
10,709 |
10,901 |
| |
| Federal funding by purpose (function codes) |
| Agriculture and natural resources |
747 |
129 |
529 |
| Community resources |
1,798 |
2,019 |
1,876 |
| Defense and space |
672 |
949 |
770 |
| Human resources |
383 |
289 |
350 |
| Income security |
5,760 |
5,554 |
5,687 |
| National functions |
1,646 |
1,769 |
1,690 |
| |
| Federal funding by type of payments (object codes) |
| Grants |
1,919 |
1,512 |
1,776 |
| Direct loans |
299 |
265 |
287 |
| Guaranteed/insured loans |
1,234 |
1,877 |
1,460 |
| Retirement/disability payments |
3,437 |
3,296 |
3,387 |
Other direct payments to
individuals |
1,505 |
1,390 |
1,465 |
Direct payments, not to
individuals |
698 |
119 |
494 |
| Procurement contracts |
839 |
804 |
827 |
| Salaries and wages |
1,075 |
1,445 |
1,206 |
Total does not include Statewide funds undistributed at the county level.
More information on Federal Funds
• Program Function and
Object Code Definitions
• Federal Funds and Development Policy Briefing Room
• Federal Funds Data
• Contact Richard Reeder, 202-694-5360
|
* The terms “rural” and “urban” here refer to data for nonmetro and metro areas, a county-level classification defined by the Office of Management and Budget. We use the June 2003 version of nonmetro and metro areas because it reflects conditions at the beginning of the decade. See Measuring Rurality: What is Rural? for a discussion of differences between metro-nonmetro categories and the Census Bureau’s rural-urban classification. |
| |
More information on socioeconomic conditions
• Rural Emphasis Page
• Contact Tim Parker, 202-694-5435.
|
Organic Agriculture
| |
| |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
| Number of certified operations |
143 |
146 |
144 |
| Crops (acres) |
138,769 |
139,791 |
132,029 |
| Pasture & rangeland (acres) |
105,374 |
80,602 |
83,219 |
| Total acres |
244,143 |
220,393 |
215,248 |
More information on organic agriculture
• Organic Production Data
• Organic Agriculture Briefing Room
• Contact Catherine Greene, 202-694-5541.
|
Farm Characteristics
| 1997, 2002 and 2007 Census of Agriculture |
| |
| |
1997 |
2002 |
2007 |
| Approximate total land area (acres) |
92,999,006 |
93,153,553 |
93,134,579 |
| Total farmland (acres) |
58,445,339 |
59,612,403 |
61,388,462 |
| Percent of total land area |
62.8 |
64.0 |
65.9 |
| |
| Cropland (acres) |
18,238,158 |
18,315,514 |
18,241,710 |
| Percent of total farmland |
31.2 |
30.7 |
29.7 |
| Percent in pasture |
9.0 |
9.4 |
9.2 |
| Percent irrigated |
8.9 |
8.5 |
8.5 |
| |
| Harvested Cropland (acres) |
9,792,216 |
8,742,111 |
9,163,867 |
| |
| Woodland (acres) |
2,051,629 |
2,200,562 |
2,284,011 |
| Percent of total farmland |
3.5 |
3.7 |
3.7 |
| Percent in pasture |
83.9 |
77.2 |
77.9 |
| |
| Pastureland (acres) |
37,186,473 |
38,241,382 |
40,003,265 |
| Percent of total farmland |
63.6 |
64.2 |
65.2 |
| |
Land in house lots, ponds,
roads, wasteland, etc. (acres) |
969,079 |
854,945 |
859,476 |
| Percent of total farmland |
1.7 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
| |
| Conservation practices |
Farmland in conservation or
wetlands reserve programs
(acres) |
2,767,625 |
3,533,432 |
3,561,031 |
| |
| Average farm size (acres) |
2,115 |
2,139 |
2,079 |
| |
| Farms by size (percent) |
| 1 to 99 acres |
29.1 |
30.8 |
32.2 |
| 100 to 499 acres |
22.7 |
22.8 |
24.8 |
| 500 to 999 acres |
11.1 |
9.9 |
9.9 |
| 1000 to 1,999 acres |
12.2 |
10.9 |
9.9 |
| 2,000 or more acres |
24.9 |
25.5 |
23.2 |
| |
| Farms by sales (percent) |
| Less than $9,999 |
43.4 |
50.4 |
53.2 |
| $10,000 to $49,999 |
24.4 |
20.7 |
16.9 |
| $50,000 to $99,999 |
12.4 |
10.9 |
8.3 |
| $100,000 to $499,999 |
18.1 |
16.2 |
17.8 |
| More than $500,000 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
3.8 |
| |
| Tenure of farmers |
| Full owner (farms) |
15,101 |
17,013 |
18,812 |
| Percent of total |
54.7 |
61.0 |
63.7 |
| |
| Part owner (farms) |
9,268 |
8,674 |
8,480 |
| Percent of total |
33.5 |
31.1 |
28.7 |
| |
| Tenant owner (farms) |
3,263 |
2,183 |
2,232 |
| Percent of total |
11.8 |
7.8 |
7.6 |
| |
| Farm organization |
Individuals/family, sole
proprietorship (farms) |
21,674 |
22,448 |
22,625 |
| Percent of total |
78.4 |
80.5 |
76.6 |
| |
Family-held corporations
(farms) |
3,185 |
2,607 |
3,353 |
| Percent of total |
11.5 |
9.4 |
11.4 |
| |
| Partnerships (farms) |
2,250 |
2,192 |
2,839 |
| Percent of total |
8.1 |
7.9 |
9.6 |
| |
| Non-family corporations (farms) |
132 |
123 |
156 |
| Percent of total |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
| |
Others - cooperative, estate or
trust, institutional, etc. (farms) |
391 |
500 |
551 |
| Percent of total |
1.4 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
| |
| Characteristics of principal farm operators |
| Average operator age (years) |
53.7 |
55.4 |
57.8 |
Percent with farming as their
primary occupation |
61.0 |
63.5 |
50.7 |
| Men |
24,755 |
24,203 |
24,938 |
| Women |
2,877 |
3,667 |
4,586 |
| |
More information on farm characteristics
• Census of Agriculture
• Contact NASS Customer Service, 1-800-727-9540.
|
Farm Financial Indicators
| Farm income and value added data |
| |
2009 |
2010 |
| |
| Number of farms |
29,800 |
29,400 |
| |
| |
Thousands $ |
| Final crop output |
1,690,176 |
1,918,404 |
| + Final animal output |
1,026,185 |
1,219,466 |
| + Services and forestry |
692,989 |
501,141 |
| = Final agricultural sector output |
3,409,350 |
3,639,011 |
| |
| - Intermediate consumption outlays |
1,951,797 |
1,865,565 |
| + Net government transactions |
55,439 |
123,212 |
| = Gross value added |
1,512,992 |
1,896,658 |
| |
| - Capital consumption |
486,320 |
493,324 |
| |
| = Net value added |
1,026,672 |
1,403,334 |
| |
| - Factor payments |
672,730 |
705,677 |
| Employee compensation (total hired labor) |
217,235 |
196,345 |
| Net rent received by nonoperator landlords |
232,278 |
295,459 |
| Real estate and nonreal estate interest |
223,217 |
213,873 |
| |
| = Net farm income |
353,942 |
697,657 |
| |
More information on farm income
• Farm Income Data
• Farm Income and Costs Briefing Room
• Contact Timothy Park, 202-694-5446.
|
| Farm balance sheet |
| |
|
• Estimation of State-level Balance Sheets has been suspended. See the Farm Balance Sheet data page for more information.
|
| |
Top Commodities, Exports, and Counties
|
Top 5 agriculture commodities, 2010
|
| |
Value of receipts
thousand $ |
Percent of state total
farm receipts |
Percent of US value |
| 1. Cattle and calves |
1,084,644 |
35.6 |
2.1 |
| 2. Wheat |
1,032,557 |
33.9 |
9.5 |
| 3. Hay |
267,970 |
8.8 |
5.0 |
| 4. Barley |
157,348 |
5.2 |
21.2 |
| 5. Lentils |
77,593 |
2.5 |
37.0 |
| |
| All commodities |
3,049,592 |
|
1.0 |
| |
More information on Montana's top agriculture commodities
• Leading commodities by cash receipts in Excel.
• Other cash receipts data.
• Contact Ted Covey, 202-694-5344.
|
| Top 5 agriculture exports, estimates, FY 2010 |
| |
Rank among states |
Value
million $ |
| 1. Wheat and products |
3 |
657.5 |
| 2. Feeds and fodders |
5 |
340.4 |
| 3. Vegetables and preparations |
10 |
139.9 |
| 4. Feed grains and products |
24 |
60.4 |
| 5. Seeds |
19 |
17.0 |
| |
| Total export value |
26 |
1,240.0 |
| |
More information on agricultural exports
• State Export Data
• Agricultural Trade Briefing Room
• Contact Nora Brooks, 202-694-5211.
|
| Top 5 counties in agricultural sales 2007 |
| |
Percent of state total receipts |
Thousands $ |
| 1. Yellowstone County |
5.9 |
164,647 |
| 2. Chouteau County |
5.3 |
147,243 |
| 3. Richland County |
3.8 |
106,957 |
| 4. Fergus County |
3.6 |
101,167 |
| 5. Teton County |
3.5 |
97,705 |
| |
| State total |
|
2,803,062 |
| |
More information on agricultural sales
• Census of Agriculture
• Contact NASS Customer Service, 1-800-727-9540.
|
Data Sources
- Local Area Unemployment Statistics, county data, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
- Current Population Survey, Food Security Supplements , 2002-2010, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce.
- Regional Economic Information System, April 2011, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
- 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 Census of Population, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce.
- 2006-2010 American Community Survey, Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce.
- Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce, Consolidated Federal Funds Report
- Organic data, USDA, Economic Research Service, based on information from USDA-accredited State and private organic certifiers.
- Farm Income and Costs Briefing Room, Economic Research Service, USDA.
- Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United States (FATUS), Economic Research Service, USDA.
- Census of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.
Prepared by Economic Research Service, USDA, Washington, DC.
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MT-Fact-Sheet.xls
MT-Fact-Sheet.pdf
