Data Sets

State Fact Sheets: Texas

• Population, Income, Education, and Employment
• Farm Characteristics
• Farm Financial Indicators
• Top Commodities, Exports, and Counties
• About the State Fact Sheets

Data updated June 30, 2009

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Population, Income, Education, and Employment

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Population
Year
1980	2,496,280	11,729,233	14,225,513
1990	2,621,903	14,364,607	16,986,510
2000	2,907,272	17,944,548	20,851,820
2008 (latest estimates)	2,982,513	21,344,461	24,326,974
More information on Texas population • County-level Population Data • Rural Population and Migration Briefing Room • Contact John Cromartie, 202-694-5421.

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Income
Per-capita income (2007 dollars)
2006	26,571	37,553	36,163
2007	27,828	38,398	37,083
Percent change	9.5	4.5	5.1

Earnings per job (2007 dollars)
2006	30,604	53,573	51,006
2007	31,551	53,749	51,305
Percent change	6.2	0.7	1.2

Poverty rate (percent)
1979	19.1	13.7	14.7
1989	23.5	17.1	18.1
1999	18.7	14.8	15.4
2007 (latest model-based estimates)	18.8	15.9	16.3
More information on Texas poverty rates • County-level Poverty Data • Rural Income, Poverty, and Welfare Briefing Room • See important notes about decennial and model-based intercensal poverty estimates • Contact Tracey Farrigan, 202-694-5489

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Education (Persons 25 and older)
Percent not completing high school
1980	50.1	34.5	37.4
1990	37.7	26.0	27.9
2000	30.4	23.3	24.3

Percent completing high school only
1980	27.0	29.2	28.8
1990	29.6	24.9	25.6
2000	31.6	23.7	24.8

Percent completing some college
1980	12.7	17.9	17.0
1990	21.2	27.2	26.2
2000	24.4	28.1	27.6

Percent completing college
1980	10.2	18.4	16.9
1990	11.6	22.0	20.3
2000	13.6	24.9	23.2
More information on Texas education • County-level Education Data • Rural Labor and Education Briefing Room • Contact Robert Gibbs, 202-694-5423

	Rural *	Urban *	Total
Employment
Total number of jobs
2006	1,521,541	12,093,545	13,615,086
2007	1,558,612	12,598,697	14,157,309

Unemployment rate (percent)
2007	4.5	4.4	4.4
2008	4.9	4.9	4.9
More information on Texas unemployment rates • County-level Unemployment and Median Household Income Data • Rural Labor and Education Briefing Room • Contact Lorin Kusmin, 202-694-5429

Percent employment change
2005-2006	0.6	2.3	2.1
2006-2007	1.1	1.8	1.7
2007-2008	1.6	1.4	1.4

* Urban and rural (metro and nonmetro) definitions are based on the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) June 2003 classification. See Measuring Rurality: New Definitions in 2003 for more information.

More information on socioeconomic conditions • Rural Emphasis Page • Contact Tim Parker, 202-694-5435.

Farm Characteristics

	1997	2002	2007
1997, 2002 and 2007 Census of Agriculture

Approximate total land area (acres)	167,625,165	167,550,149	167,145,209
Total farmland (acres)	133,956,359	129,877,666	130,398,753
Percent of total land area	79.9	77.5	78.0

Cropland (acres)	39,051,211	38,657,710	33,667,177
Percent of total farmland	29.2	29.8	25.8
Percent in pasture	31.3	33.5	23.3
Percent irrigated	13.9	11.8	13.7

Harvested Cropland (acres)	20,357,767	17,750,938	19,174,301

Woodland (acres)	5,471,015	5,651,181	7,099,790
Percent of total farmland	4.1	4.4	5.4
Percent in pasture	72.4	74.4	74.4

Pastureland (acres)	86,947,714	83,402,865	87,217,416
Percent of total farmland	64.9	64.2	66.9

Land in house lots, ponds, roads, wasteland, etc. (acres)	2,486,419	2,165,910	2,414,370
Percent of total farmland	1.9	1.7	1.9

Conservation practices
Farmland in conservation or wetlands reserve programs (acres)	3,695,646	3,302,766	4,170,044

Average farm size (acres)	587	567	527

Farms by size (percent)
1 to 99 acres	46.6	48.3	52.5
100 to 499 acres	34.8	33.7	31.2
500 to 999 acres	8.6	8.1	7.2
1000 to 1,999 acres	5.4	5.3	4.6
2,000 or more acres	4.6	4.6	4.5

Farms by sales (percent)
Less than $9,999	70.2	71.5	71.0
$10,000 to $49,999	18.4	18.3	18.3
$50,000 to $99,999	3.8	3.8	3.5
$100,000 to $499,999	5.9	4.9	4.7
More than $500,000	1.7	1.5	2.4

Tenure of farmers
Full owner (farms)	143,245	155,053	177,147
Percent of total	62.8	67.7	71.6

Part owner (farms)	60,336	55,703	54,773
Percent of total	26.4	24.3	22.1

Tenant owner (farms)	24,592	18,170	15,517
Percent of total	10.8	7.9	6.3

Farm organization
Individuals/family, sole proprietorship (farms)	201,896	210,409	218,126
Percent of total	88.5	91.9	88.2

Family-held corporations (farms)	5,057	3,842	4,956
Percent of total	2.2	1.7	2.0

Partnerships (farms)	18,658	12,720	20,657
Percent of total	8.2	5.6	8.3

Non-family corporations (farms)	688	456	750
Percent of total	0.3	0.2	0.3

Others - cooperative, estate or trust, institutional, etc. (farms)	1,874	1,499	2,948
Percent of total	0.8	0.7	1.2

Characteristics of principal farm operators
Average operator age (years)	56.0	56.9	58.9
Percent with farming as their primary occupation	40.4	53.6	39.9
Men	202,463	201,734	212,426
Women	25,710	27,192	35,011

More information on farm characteristics • Census of Agriculture • Contact NASS Customer Service, 1-800-727-9540.

Farm Financial Indicators

	2006	2007
Farm income and value added data

Number of farms	230,000	229,000

	Thousands $
Final crop output	5,307,040	8,752,823
+ Final animal output	10,288,269	11,250,031
+ Services and forestry	3,787,104	3,848,529
= Final agricultural sector output	19,382,413	23,851,383

- Intermediate consumption outlays	11,061,287	12,692,812
+ Net government transactions	790,131	563,350
= Gross value added	9,111,257	11,721,921

- Capital consumption	2,031,911	2,099,025

= Net value added	7,079,346	9,622,896

- Factor payments	2,219,572	2,441,889
Employee compensation (total hired labor)	889,056	1,064,528
Net rent received by nonoperator landlords	400,958	375,804
Real estate and nonreal estate interest	929,558	1,001,557

= Net farm income	4,859,774	7,181,007

More information on farm income • Farm Income Data • Farm Income and Costs Briefing Room • Contact Roger Strickland, 202-694-5592.

Farm balance sheet

• Estimation of State-level Balance Sheets has been suspended. See the Farm Balance Sheet data page for more information.

Top Commodities, Exports, and Counties

	Value of receipts thousand $	Percent of state total farm receipts	Percent of US value
Top 5 agriculture commodities, 2007
1. Cattle and calves	7,630,837	40.0	15.3
2. Cotton	2,118,017	11.1	34.3
3. Greenhouse/nursery	1,501,460	7.9	8.7
4. Dairy products	1,448,738	7.6	4.1
5. Broilers	1,404,552	7.4	6.5

All commodities	19,074,826		6.7

More information on Texas's top agriculture commodities • Leading commodities for cash receipts in Excel • Contact Roger Strickland, 202-694-5592.

	Rank among states	Value million $
Top 5 agriculture exports, estimates, FY 2008
1. Cotton and linters	1	1,638.6
2. Feed grains and products	7	835.6
3. Live animals and meat	3	739.9
4. Wheat and products	8	602.8
5. Feeds and fodders	2	509.1

Overall rank	4	6,006.8

More information on agricultural exports • State Export Data • Agricultural Trade Briefing Room • Contact Nora Brooks, 202-694-5211.

	Percent of state total receipts	Thousands $
Top 5 counties in agricultural sales 2007
1. Deaf Smith County	5.5	1,148,359
2. Castro County	4.6	973,352
3. Parmer County	4.5	937,664
4. Hartley County	3.4	724,508
5. Hansford County	2.8	589,799

State total		21,001,074

More information on agricultural sales • Census of Agriculture • Contact NASS Customer Service, 1-800-727-9540.

Data Sources

Local Area Unemployment Statistics, county data, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Regional Economic Information System, April 2006, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
1980, 1990, and 2000 Census of Population, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
Farm Income and Costs Briefing Room, Economic Research Service, USDA.
Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United States (FATUS), Economic Research Service, USDA.
Census of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA.

Prepared by Economic Research Service, USDA, Washington, DC.

For more information, contact: Tim Parker

Web administration: webadmin@ers.usda.gov

Updated date: June 30, 2009