Agricultural Trade Multipliers: ERS Estimates

ERS Benchmark Input/Output Trade Margins

These categories contain agricultural or agriculturally derived products. (For example, “Buttons, pins, and all other miscellaneous” includes feathers). They are listed by stage of processing as reflected in the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS), 2002 NAICS Codes and Titles

By turning these base-year values into a percentage distribution, a modeler can allocate shipping, handling, and distribution charges to the appropriate sector (i.e., producer, transportation, or wholesale and retail trade) for estimating port-value multipliers. Output producer and port aggregate multipliers are also derived by this procedure. For more information, see the margins section of the Assumptions .

ERS benchmark input/output trade margins (applicable to open and partially closed port multipliers)

Commodity	Producer margin	Transport margin	Wholesale and retail trade margin
Soybeans	0.89	0.01	0.1
Other oilseeds	0.89	0.01	0.1
Wheat	0.7	0.12	0.18
Rice	0.7	0.12	0.18
Corn	0.7	0.12	0.18
Other feed crops	0.7	0.12	0.18
Vegetables and melons	0.65	0.2	0.15
Tree nuts	0.9	0.02	0.08
Fruits	0.75	0.07	0.18
Greenhouse and nursery products	0.76	0.12	0.12
Tobacco	0.93	0.03	0.04
Cotton	0.82	0.03	0.15
Sugarcane and sugar beets	0.97	0.03	0
All other crops	0.88	0.07	0.05
Cattle	0.99	0	0.01
Poultry and eggs	0.99	0.01	0
Animal production, except cattle, poultry, and eggs	0.93	0.05	0.02
Forest nursery, forest and timber tract products	0.96	0	0.04
Fish	0.87	0.02	0.11
Dog and cat food	0.89	0.02	0.09
Other animal food	0.92	0.04	0.04
Flour milling products	0.88	0.04	0.08
Rice milling products	0.93	0.03	0.04
Malt	0.86	0.13	0.01
Wet corn milling products	0.87	0.05	0.08
Processed soybean products	0.9	0.07	0.03
Other oilseed products	0.89	0.08	0.03
Fats and oils refining and blending products	0.88	0.07	0.05
Breakfast cereal	0.77	0.01	0.22
Sugar	0.83	0.04	0.13
Confectionery products from cacao beans	0.94	0.02	0.04
Nonchocolate confectionery products	0.84	0.02	0.14
Frozen food products	0.82	0.05	0.13
Dried and canned fruit and vegetable products	0.78	0.04	0.18
Fluid milk	0.93	0.02	0.05
Creamery butter	0.8	0.03	0.17
Cheese	0.9	0.01	0.09
Dry condensed and evaporated dairy products	0.82	0.01	0.17
Ice cream and frozen dessert	0.88	0	0.12
Animal (except poultry) slaughtering	0.88	0.05	0.07
Meat processed from carcasses	0.93	0.01	0.06
Rendering and meat byproducts	0.95	0.04	0.01
Processed poultry products	0.93	0.01	0.06
Frozen cakes and other pastries	0.72	0.01	0.27
Bread and bakery products (except frozen)	0.94	0	0.06
Cookies and crackers	0.94	0	0.06
Mixes and dough made from purchased flour	0.87	0.04	0.09
Dry pasta products	0.69	0.01	0.3
Roasted nuts and peanut butter	0.89	0.03	0.08
Other snack foods	0.76	0.01	0.23
Coffee and tea	0.79	0.01	0.2
Flavoring syrups and concentrates	0.91	0.02	0.07
Mayonnaise dressings and sauces	0.91	0.02	0.07
Spices and extracts	0.83	0.02	0.15
All other food products	0.9	0.01	0.09
Soft drinks and ice	0.85	0.01	0.14
Brewery products	0.7	0.02	0.28
Wines	0.79	0.02	0.19
Tobacco stemming and redrying products	0.95	0.01	0.04
Other miscellaneous textile products	0.81	0.03	0.16
Other basic organic chemical products	0.89	0.04	0.07
Pharmaceutical and medicine products	0.83	0	0.17
Adhesive products	0.79	0.14	0.07
Surface active agents	0.89	0.04	0.07
Other miscellaneous chemical products	0.7	0.12	0.18
Rubber and plastic hoses and belting	0.94	0.02	0.04
Buttons, pins, and all other miscellaneous	0.76	0.08	0.16
Scrap	0.57	0.15	0.28
Rest of the world adjustment to final uses	1	0	0