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Longitudinal Modeling of
the Effects of Dietary Intakes on Body Compositions and Risk Factors
for Coronary Disease in the Women's Health Trial: Feasibility Study
in Minority Populations
Alok Bhargava
University of Houston. Houston, TX
This project will develop dynamic models to explain
weight, waist, and hip circumferences, and selected nutrition-related
risk factors for chronic disease among participants in the Women's
Health Trial: Feasibility Study in Minority Populations, a 12-month
randomized trial designed to reduce the calories from fat to approximately
20 percent of total calories. The trial collected information on
the household incomes, education levels, and dietary intakes, as
well as selected psychosocial characteristics and health behaviors
of its 2,200 post-menopausal minority and nonminority women. The
dynamic models will incorporate data on participants' anthropometric
measures, dietary intakes, clinical measures of nutritional status,
and measures of psychosocial functioning obtained at baseline, 6
months, and 12 months. The empirical results will provide insights
into changes in dietary patterns of minority and nonminority women
following the dietary intervention, factors influencing success
in changing dietary behavior, and the effects of dietary intakes
on body composition and other physiological measures of nutritional
status.
Cooperative Research Agreement: $121,000; Duration: 2 years
Diet Patterns, Nutrients, and
Development of Adolescent Obesity
Graham Colditz
Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital. Boston, MA
This project will analyze data from a longitudinal
survey of nearly 17,000 adolescents, now 14 to 18 years old, who
have been tracked since 1996 with annual assessment of diet, activity,
weight control practices, and height and weight. The data from 1996-2000
will be used to describe changes in dietary patterns and diet quality
during adolescence and the association of those changes with overall
diet quality and the development of obesity. Specific aspects of
diet quality that will be examined include: (1) intake of calories
from fat, soft drinks, and other sources of added sugar; (2) breakfast
consumption; and (3) a glycemic index based on intake of saturated
fat and low-fat foods, added sugar, and fiber. Results will be useful
for the design of obesity prevention programs for children and adolescents.
Grant: $150,000; Duration: 2 years
Eating Patterns, Diet Quality,
and Obesity
Theresa Nicklas
Baylor College of Medicine. Houston, TX
This project will use the Bogalusa Heart Study database
to identify eating pattern "typologies" associated with
diet quality and obesity in 1,243 children and 1,840 young adults
from a biracial population, using cross-sectional and longitudinal
approaches. It will identify eating pattern "typologies"
by gender and ethnicity; determine the associations between eating
patterns (e.g., restaurant meals, beverage consumption, portion
sizes), diet quality, and obesity among children over a 21-year
period; identify predictive eating patterns associated with diet
quality and obesity; determine age-related differences in eating
patterns and diet quality associated with obesity; and identify
specific strategies for changing targeted eating patterns and improving
diet quality.
Grant: $220,000; Duration: 2 years
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Factors Associated with Iron
Status Among WIC Infants in Rural West Virginia
Cindy Fitch
West Virginia University Research Corporation. Morgantown, WV
This study will identify factors associated with poor
iron status in West Virginia infants. It will collect primary data
on 600 WIC infants and toddlers, ages 6 to 24 months, in West Virginia
counties that are known to have high rates of iron-deficiency anemia.
Birth history, health status, growth parameters, dietary patterns,
and usual nutrient intake will be compared across groups that have
normal iron status, iron deficiency without anemia, and iron-deficiency
anemia. Relationships will be identified involving iron status and
nutrient intake with lead toxicity, infection rates, and infant
development. This study is expected to provide data that can be
used to design and implement effective nutrition education and intervention
programs.
Grant: $135,004; Duration: 2 years
Basic Needs, Tough Choices:
The Impact of Housing Costs on Food Consumption
Joseph Harkness
Johns Hopkins University. Baltimore, MD
This study examines the effects of housing costs on
food consumption for low-income households. The tradeoff that low-income
households make between housing, which accounts for the largest
share of their budget, and food consumption has received little
research attention. Food Stamp Program regulations adjust benefits
for excess housing costs. The study will merge data on local housing
market conditions with data from the 1998 Current Population Survey's
Food Security Supplement to examine for low-income households how
housing affordability affects two outcome variables: food expenditures
and food security
Cooperative Research Agreement: $100,318; Duration: 2 years
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