USDA Economic Research Service Briefing Room
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Farm Structure: Questions and Answers

Q. What are family corporations?

A. Most corporated farms are family-owned businesses have incorporated for tax, liability, or succession reasons. The U.S. Census of Agriculture classifies corporate farms in two ways: by whether the corporation is family-held, and by the number of stockholders (10 or less, or more than 10). Family-held corporations have more than half of their stock owned by people related by blood or marriage. While most farm corporations are family-held firms with 10 or fewer stockholders, most popular interest in "corporate farms" probably attends another category—nonfamily corporations with more than 10 stockholders, a category that covers almost all large diversified manufacturing and services firms with agricultural interests.

For more information, contact: James MacDonald or Robert Hoppe

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Updated date: November 13, 2003